Cut the Curve — the technique catalog
Five SEAM techniques, one principle: cut at peak velocity, match direction and speed
on both sides of the cut — plus the two in-scene techniques (§6 arrivals, §7 slides).
The seam LAW — vector law, the current, the ledger, the Seam Gate — lives in
motion-doctrine; read it first. This skill is the parameters and mechanics.
All GSAP code templates (worker + registry): examples/gsap-implementation.md.
Catalog
| # |
Technique |
Scope |
Axis |
Use for |
| 1 |
Zoom-Through (forward) |
Within-scene text swap |
Z, toward viewer |
progressing deeper into the same thought |
| 2 |
Inverse Zoom-Through |
Arrival / payoff beat |
Z, away from viewer |
something bigger lands |
| 3 |
Cut the Curve |
Between scenes |
X / Y |
the default boundary, the film's current |
| 4 |
Waterfall Cut |
Text-to-text seam |
X, per-word |
word-level handoff between big-text beats |
| 5 |
Rack-Focus Blur-Cut |
Same-surface state swap |
X / Y / Z |
the one cut you want SEEN — a DSLR focus-pull flourish |
| 6 |
Waterfall Entry |
In-scene ARRIVAL (no seam) |
Y, from below |
title cards, segment openers, list intros |
| 7 |
Nudge Curve |
In-scene group slide (no seam) |
X / Y |
repositioning a composed group to make room |
Z direction is a sign
"Same axis" is not enough on Z — the sign of d(scale)/dt must match across the cut:
| Z vector |
Exit scale |
Entry scale |
Variant |
| Push (forward) |
growing 1 → 1.2 |
growing 0.75 → 1 |
zoom-through |
| Pull (back) |
shrinking 1 → 0.8 |
shrinking 1.25 → 1 |
inverse zoom-through |
Banned mirrors: a receding exit answered by a grow-from-small entry (pull flips to push —
the common one, since grow-from-small is the default element entrance), and a push exit
answered by an oversized retraction. This binds the incoming scene's OWN entrances during
the seam window (cut + ~0.5s), not just the wrapper tween: hold the incoming frame
composed, or author its entrance to match the sign. Verify per Seam Gate rule 7.
Blur logic (all Z variants)
| Subject |
Peak blur |
Why |
| Text-scale (headline, word group) |
10px |
20px smears letterforms — the cut reads as a glitch, not speed |
| Full-frame surface (window, card, screenshot) |
18–20px |
lighter blur on a big surface reads as a rendering hiccup |
Same peak blur on both sides at the swap frame. Blur the WRAPPER, never children.
1. Zoom-Through (forward)
Z-axis velocity-matched cut; never both texts visible. Everything GROWS: the outgoing
text accelerates toward camera, a hard swap hides at peak blur, the incoming text keeps
growing into the focal plane. Headlines and short phrases only. Total ≈ 0.4s.
| Phase |
Scale |
Blur |
Opacity |
Ease |
Duration |
| Exit |
1 → 1.2 |
0 → 10px |
1 → 0.15 |
power3.in (opacity: separate none tween) |
0.2s |
Cut (tl.set) |
in: 0.75 |
10px |
out: 0 / in: 0.15 |
— |
— |
| Entry |
0.75 → 1 |
10 → 0px |
0.15 → 1 |
expo.out |
0.5s |
Exit opacity MUST be its own linear tween — power3.in holds opacity near 1 too long.
On entry all properties share expo.out.
2. Inverse Zoom-Through (backward)
The pull-back mirror: the outgoing element RECEDES; the incoming arrives OVERSIZED (as if
just behind camera) and retracts into the focal plane. Everything SHRINKS. Spend on
ARRIVAL/payoff beats — a payoff line, a giant reply, a held end-state — never ordinary
boundaries. Total ≈ 0.7s (30% exit / 70% entry).
| Phase |
Scale |
Blur |
Opacity |
Ease |
Duration |
| Exit |
1 → 0.8 |
0 → 10px |
1 → 0.15 |
power3.in (opacity: separate none tween) |
~0.2s |
Cut (tl.set) |
in: 1.25 |
10px |
out: 0 / in: 0.15 |
— |
— |
| Entry |
1.25 → 1 |
10 → 0px |
0.15 → 1 |
expo.out |
~0.5s |
Blur is 10px text-scale; 18–20px only when both sides are full-bleed surfaces.
Sign discipline: the incoming scene arrives as a composed frame inside the retracting
wrapper — no grow-from-small intro in the seam window. Staged entrances happen after the
retraction settles, or start ≥1 and retract.
3. Cut the Curve (default scene boundary)
X/Y velocity-matched cut — the default for ALL scene-to-scene boundaries, in the film's
current, not an accent. The outgoing hero accelerates in one direction, the cut lands
mid-motion, the incoming hero continues the SAME direction and decelerates. Total ≈ 0.6s;
directions LEFT / RIGHT / UP / DOWN (default LEFT).
Partial travel: ~12% of frame (≈230px at 1920) — never full off-screen moves.
| Direction |
Exit |
Entry start → end |
| Leftward |
x: 0 → −230 |
x: +230 → 0 |
| Rightward |
x: 0 → +230 |
x: −230 → 0 |
| Upward |
y: 0 → −230 |
y: +230 → 0 |
| Downward |
y: 0 → +230 |
y: −230 → 0 |
Mechanics:
- Mirrored eases: exit
power4.in + entry power4.out, same distance and duration —
the two halves of one power4.inOut, so velocity matches exactly at the cut.
- The fade trick: exit opacity completes at ~25–30% of its travel (fade ≈ 0.18–0.3s
vs motion 0.3–0.34s); entry ignites at ~0.35 opacity mid-path. Time the last fading
element to die right at the cut — a gap where nothing moves reads as dead air.
- Exit 0.2–0.4s; entry ≥ exit. Optional blur 8–10px.
- Stage ground:
#root must be opaque
(background: var(--canvas-deep, var(--canvas, #000))) — the mid-window cut opens a
summed-opacity < 1 window that flashes white otherwise (see seam-craft).
push-slide exists but violates partial-travel and mid-motion phase; prefer cut-the-curve.
4. Waterfall Cut (word-by-word cut-the-curve)
Cut-the-curve at WORD granularity — the strongest leftward cut for text-to-text seams.
Outgoing words ramp out on their own curves; incoming words cascade in mid-flight — a
wave the eye rides across the seam.
Scope: worker-authored inside one multi-beat comp (stacked full-frame .beat layers),
NOT a registry/injector type — it tweens word spans, not clip wrappers. The boundary into
and out of the text-beat block still gets a normal registry transition. Does not count
against the 2–3 transition budget.
| Parameter |
Value |
Why |
| Travel |
±230px (~12% frame) |
partial travel + velocity > full-frame push |
| Exit |
0.34s power4.in |
the acceleration IS the cut |
| Exit fade |
0.18s, starts with x |
word gone by ~25–30% of travel — no smear |
| Exit stagger |
+0.022s reading order |
the line peels, not a block slide |
| Entry |
0.3s power4.out |
back half of the composite — velocity match |
| Entry start opacity |
0.35 |
mid-path ignition; binary 0→1 pops |
| Entry gaps |
0.05s × 0.84 decay |
accelerating cascade, resolves composed |
Rules:
- One direction per chain, riding the current. Inverse zoom is the chain's ARRIVAL beat only.
- Pre-set all words to
x: +230, opacity: 0 at build time — immediateRender: false
alone leaves un-started words visible at rest.
- A short first beat may exit whole-line: its fade ends ~0.02s before the cut so it is
still streaking when the next words ignite — no dead gap.
- Transform/opacity only (seek-safe); opaque stage ground applies.
5. Rack-Focus Blur-Cut (the visible cut)
The one variant where the cut is SEEN: a defocus blur SPIKE hides a single-frame hard
swap — a handheld-DSLR focus-pull. Use as an occasional flourish for a state swap of the
SAME surface within one visual theme; never the default boundary.
Differences from the others: outgoing stays FULLY OPAQUE until the cut (the blur hides
the swap — no early fade); eases power2.in / power2.out (soft optics, not momentum).
Rules:
- Fire only at a narrative beat, ≤ once per ~8s; never mid-caption or during a hold.
- Cut at PEAK blur (≥6px; peak 8–12px, ≤16–18px max) — swapping on the way up shows the cut.
- A subtle scale (~1.06 lens-breathing) sells it as optics.
- Same direction on both sides — the vector law still holds. Entry ≥ exit duration.
- Blur the wrapper; never blur + opacity in one tween on one element (headless
compositing bug); never blur a
<video> directly (wrap it).
6. Waterfall Entry (in-scene arrival — not a seam)
Staggered ARRIVAL cascade: words/elements whip in from below (one consistent direction),
each starting before the previous settles — an accelerating wave that resolves into a
composed layout. Title cards, segment openers, list/feature intros. The seam sibling is
§4; do not mix their rules:
|
§6 Entry (arrival) |
§4 Waterfall Cut (seam) |
| Opacity |
BINARY 0→1 via tl.set at entry — never fade |
ignites at 0.35 mid-path — the fade IS the velocity trick |
| Axis default |
Y, from below |
X, riding the current |
| Outgoing side |
none |
words ramp out on mirrored power4.in |
Choreography:
- Overlap, don't queue — next element starts within ±2 frames of the previous
settling; gaps SHRINK across the cascade; the last element snaps.
- Velocity varies by weight — heavy/anchor elements travel further and longer;
light words/punctuation snap in tight:
| Parameter |
Anchor/heavy |
Normal word |
Light/punctuation |
| Y offset |
60–80px |
40–50px |
30–48px |
| Duration |
0.16–0.20s |
0.13–0.16s |
0.10–0.13s |
| Overlap |
0–2f gap |
1f overlap |
1–2f overlap |
- Ease
power4.out (expo.out for extra snap); never .inOut on an entry.
- One direction per cascade.
- Split the FINAL word into fragments to extend the climax; fragments travel further.
- Post-settle, the group usually slides to make room for the next beat — that's §7.
7. Nudge Curve (in-scene group slide — not a seam)
Slow-fast-slow repositioning of a composed group (word rows, card stacks, lists) to
reveal content or make room. No single built-in ease produces it — power4.inOut
smacks to a stop. Chain three tweens on one property:
| Phase |
Ease |
Distance |
Time |
Feel |
| 1 ramp-in |
power3.in |
~10% |
~20% |
barely moves — motion registers, no jolt |
| 2 burst |
none (linear) |
~65% |
~18% |
~2× average px/frame — purposeful |
| 3 tail |
power4.out |
~25% |
~62% |
decaying creep to rest — kills the smack |
Rules:
- The tail is ≥3× the ramp-in in TIME. If it still smacks: extend the tail's time (not
distance) or use
power5.out.
- Phase 2 stays linear — easing it loses the burst contrast.
- Reveal new content DURING phase 2 — the burst masks its appearance.
- Same ratios vertical; scale distances proportionally, keep the time ratios.
Choosing a Variant
|
Zoom-Through |
Inverse Zoom |
Cut the Curve |
Waterfall Cut |
| Scope |
Within-scene text swap |
Arrival/payoff beat |
Between scenes |
Text-to-text seam |
| Z sign / axis |
growing (push) |
shrinking (pull) |
X / Y |
X, per-word |
| Travel/scale |
1→1.2, then 0.75→1 |
1→0.8, then 1.25→1 |
±230px |
±230px |
| Peak blur |
10px text / 18–20 full-frame |
10px text / 18–20 full-frame |
8–10px optional |
none |
| Eases |
power3.in / expo.out |
power3.in / expo.out |
power4.in / power4.out |
power4.in / power4.out |
| Feel |
progressing through |
arriving at |
carried sideways |
a wave across the seam |
Anti-Patterns
| Don't |
Instead |
| Two texts visible during a zoom-through |
Hard cut at blur peak, one text at a time |
| 20px blur on text-scale subjects |
10px text; 18–20px only full-frame |
| Inverse-zoom exit → grow-from-small entry (or push → oversized retraction) |
Match the scale-velocity SIGN; verify at cut±0.1s |
| Incoming comp's own scale-up intro under a Z-seam wrapper tween |
Arrive composed; stage entrances after the seam settles or match the sign |
| Mismatched blur/opacity at the swap |
Identical values at the cut frame |
Gentle entry easing (power2.out) |
Mirror the exit: power4.out / expo.out |
| Full off-screen exits/entries |
Partial travel (~12%) + early fade |
.inOut eases on either side of a cut |
Mirrored power4.in / power4.out |
| Lone element fading long before its cut |
Fade ends ~0.02s before the cut, or word-cascade |
| Equal gaps across a waterfall cascade |
Shrink gaps ×0.84 per word |
| Zoom-through on body text |
Headlines and short phrases only |
| Scene cuts without cut-the-curve |
It is the default boundary |
| Consecutive boundaries in opposing directions |
One current; reserved vectors spent on meaning |
Unpainted #root behind a mid-window cut |
Opaque stage ground |
| Queued entries (each waits for the previous to settle) |
Overlap ±1–2 frames — the cascade is a wave, not a queue |
| Same offset/duration for every cascade element |
Vary by weight: anchors travel further, punctuation snaps |
| Gradual opacity fade on a §6 arrival |
Binary 0→1 via tl.set — fading fights the snap (seam cuts fade; arrivals don't) |
Single ease for a group slide (power4.inOut, slow()) |
The §7 three-phase chain |
| Nudge tail shorter than 3× the ramp-in |
Extend the tail's TIME, not its distance |
Code
All GSAP templates — worker-authored versions, registry gsap_templates, the combined
cut-the-curve + zoom, waterfall DOM/CSS/JS, rack-focus — live in
examples/gsap-implementation.md.